According to the SCSW, and Jim Supica, Director, National Firearms Museum., "all single action top break revolvers, regardless of frame size or caliber," are to be considered Antiques by the BATF. Most published list of antiques show all Model 1891s are antiques. That would include 1st model single shots, as the frames are Model 1891s. Regardless, I've found that many Calif. FFLs will not accept shipments of non-DROS guns as they are "gun shy" ( no pun intended,) of CA. DOJ ignorance of what's an antique and what isn't. Also, out of state sellers (GunBroker) often will not ship antiques directly to the buyers, as they are ignorant of what's an antique. Hope this helps, Ed.