It would be possible. But, there are a couple problems. Finding and fitting another extractor star. One for a 45/colt would be hard to find. One from a 357-44 could be reworked. The pins for alignment are often a little bit off from one cylinder/extractor are little off and something might have to be done to make both extractors fit right. Model 28 cylinders are not that hard to find. A good Smith can ream one and fit it. Then you just remove yoke and replace cylinder assembly.
Another thought I had was to just ream the 45 acp cylinder to the colt depth, then redo a couple full moon clips so the 45/colt cases slid though them. They would become spacers to hold the correct headspace for the colt rounds.

Any of it is possible. I have 3 S&W 45s that fire either round, but I use cylinders that are set up by making a 45/colt cylinder then Milling a relief in them for the full moon clips holding 45/acps.

What makes the op's gun great is it was an interesting method done at the factory.