My sister shoots 23 grs of IMR 3031 under the Lyman 173 gr cast bullet with great success . I use std large rifle primers . But I'm sure it's getting pretty close to the low end . If you need less velocity , then I would go powders like Unique , Red Dot , or IMR 4756 --if you can find it . The older Lyman manual says 10 grs of Unique is max for about 1500 fps . That was also listed as the max for Herco and 4756 for slightly less velocity . I cast/size my own for the 30-30 Marlin . I size .311 and get excellent accuracy with the micro groove rifling . In my Winchester 94 it gets .309 .