The short and final answer here is that .38 S&W is slightly larger in diameter to .38 Special/.357 Magnum, ergo it most likely won't fit in the cylinder.
That being said, if you really want to be able to fire obsolete cartridges like .38 S&W out of your .38 Special/.357 Magnum Revolvers, then there's always the .38 Short Colt and .38 Long Colt, which the .38 Special is based on and therefore shares the same diameter with.
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