Short distance ejections are cause by a slow slide.

So, looks like the slide is dragging.
Where or why is difficult to diagnose from this distance, but it would seem very likely that this is your reason.

Could be the spent case is tight coming out of the chamber.
Could be the bottom of the bolt dragging on the top of the mag ( or the next round )
Could be the slide dragging in the frame.
Could be the recoil spring too strong.

or, more likely, a combination of all of the above.

Are you sure the chamber(s) are clean ?

You do know that the extractor does NOT remove the spent case from the chamber, right ?

How about drop off the barrel and the slide.
Get your magazines and insert them into the frame, lock them in, and have a look at how and where they sit.
Do it with the next one.
Borrow a couple and see how they fit.

any clues ?

some sitting higher than others ?

Ok, if that all looks good and consistant, since you have quite a few spare springs, go ahead and choose ONE to experiment with.

Get your pliers or snips and remove 1 full coil.

Put this spring onto the guide rod.
Put the (just) cut end onto the guide rod first (shouldn't really matter which way it goes)

Assemble the gun and try it.

Still FTE ?

Cut off another full coil and try again.

Repeat until correct function is achieved.

If the slide does not strip and chamber the first round off a FULL magazine, you have cut too many coils off the spring. = start again.