I haven't bothered to shoot the subcompact XD, only the standard size models. I know a couple of guys who carry subcompact XD .40's, though. They seem somewhat bulky for a subcompact but they suit the owners. No functioning issues of which I've been made aware, either.
I own a G27 and a M&P 40c.
The M&P 40c magazine holds 10 rounds, or 1 more round than the others as long as standard magazines are being used.
Having seen some instances where guys carrying G27's loaded with G23 magazines experienced feeding issues with the G23 mags, but not with the 9-rd G27 mags, I prefer to use standard magazines dedicated to the specific model.
The M&P 40c feels noticeably more balanced and comfortable in my hand.
The G27 & M&P 40c are both more than accurate enough from a practical perspective in my opinion.
The felt recoil and controllability of the M&P 40c is a bit better, in my opinion, than the G27 ... but both still share the recoil management issues involved in shooting a diminutive .40 S&W pistol.
FWIW, both have 'better' recoil management characteristics than a Kahr MK40 I once handled and fired for more than a couple of boxes of ammunition - which is all-steel and therefore weighs more - and which also holds less ammunition. Interesting combination of attributes.
I think the M&P 40c has a bit less felt recoil and muzzle whip than my 4040PD, FWIW.
I would not presume to recommend one over the other to someone else, but would recommend someone interested in them find a way to shoot examples of each with ammunition representative of what they actually planned to carry.
I originally suspected that ordering the M&P 40c would probably influence me to 'retire' my G27 to my gun safe as far as it remaining an active choice for my retirement CCW needs. While I'm pleased with it, overall, I was a bit surprised to find that it didn't prove to be the 'replacement' for the G27. Instead, I find I still enjoy training & practicing with both. Go figure. I can't really put my finger on exactly what it is that makes me inclined to keep both of them as 'active' choices ... with 3 of my other .40 S&W pistols remaining in the safe ... but there it is ...
Personally, however, the .40 S&W is not my first choice when it comes to small pistols dedicated to defensive carry. I still have a distinct personal preference for 9mm pistols in this regard.
I'd suggest that the list you've made contains some good quality choices and it remains for you to decide which one best meets your desires and needs and is best suited to your skills.
The field-stripping procedures for the XD and M&P may be something which offers you an extra consideration when it comes to safety.
Clickable thumbnails which can enlarged a couple of times; M&P 40c & G27; medium insert on M&P and standard mag bases on both: