My apologies to watchdog and bearman49709, apparently my information wasn't up to date. The process I described isn't how it works anymore.
Instead by law they AUTOMATICALLY increase their rates based on the Consumer Price Index. So they no longer even go through that pesky process of asking - they can just raise their rates every year. However they still have the option of "requesting" that the rates be increased even MORE than the CPI by making the "request" to the Postal Regulatory Commission - who of course rubber stamps it.
I was also wrong about their debt. They actually are allowed to operate in the red and have done so for several years. Imagine that. An arm of the Federal government that DOESN'T run a deficit. How could I have been so naive? The most current projections are that the USPS will top 45 BILLION dollars in debt by the end of this year. Not too many private businesses would be allowed to continue doing business under those circumstances, but the Postal Service can and does.
Those pre-funded pension/healthcare payments that Muss was talking about? That is indeed a requirement that was placed on them - because they have their own "sweetheart" pension plan - kinda like Congress. They don't participate in the Social Security system the rest of us slobs are stuck with. Unfortunately for the people that are depending on that pension/benefits system, for a long time the USPS didn't sufficiently fund the plan. They consistently under-funded it until they reached a point where they had accumulated nearly 50 billion in "unfunded obligations" (a.k.a. more debt - in the form of benefits owed to the retired workers that the pension/benefits plan didn't have the money to pay - and had no way of earning the money to pay). So the obligation was place on them to pay 5.5 billion a year into the fund to make up the difference. This is the 100% funding provision was put into place to address that little problem. As for the burden that it puts on the USPS, in 2011 they were "excused" from making those payments due to being 8 billion in debt. I couldn't find info on whether they ever resumed making the payments or not, but since they have ended every year in the red since then, I would be very surprised if they have.
As I said before they have two "separate" sets of products. They call their monopoly on the regular mail the "market dominant products", and they call the package delivery side the "competetive products". They are supposed to be separate in all respects, but since the same vehicles, planes, facilities, and employees are delivering both the mail and packages, the monoply business supports the "competetive" business, any "separation" is just on paper.
And I almost forgot to add, you are correct bearman49709. USPS doesn't
own any aircraft anymore. The planes with their colors and logos are contracted to the USPS by other airlines. Of course that doesn't change the fact that the same planes are carrying mail and packages further "mixing" the revenue streams.
Here are a few links for anyone who is interested in where this info comes from. There are lots more out there of course. This is just a sampling...
The Truth About The Post Office's Financial Mess
Postal Service Faces $100B in Debts and Unfunded Benefits
Postal Regulatory Commission - Wikipedia
http://www.upsmailinnovations.com/pdfs/How_Postal_Rates_Set.pdf
Site under maintenance | USPS Office of Inspector General
http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Artic.../13/Postal-Service-Debt-Set-to-Hit-45-Billion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_postal_service