I saw those pictures and, frankly, what I saw was what I usually see -- a buildup of lead and powder residue that gets a groove worn in to it over time and LOOKS like flame cutting but is not. It's a tough area to clean, and many folks who think they are doing a good job of cleaning never put in the extra effort to do it.
As for chamber erosion from firing .38 in a .357 revolver -- that is likewise a cleaning issue. Allowed to build up, over time the residue can result in corrosion, just as never properly cleaning the bore can lead to corrosion, but if you thoroughly clean the chambers after a .38-shooting session you will never have a problem.
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Pisgah
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