Muss Muggins said:
The legitate, necessary use of snap caps to prevent damage is limited to rimfires and a few older firearms. Modern centerfire firearms will not suffer damage from dry firing. The best use of snap caps and dummy ammo is to simulate malfunctions to enhance training . . .
That's a broad statement and wrong in part.
It's probably best to use guidance from each gun's Owner's Manual, as some give specific guidance as to whether snap caps should be used. If there's no warning against dry-firing, you're
probably safe.
Some rimfires can be safely dry-fired -- Ruger semi-autos, which have firing pin stops, immediately come to mind. (I've been told that the S&W Model 41 can be safely dry-fired, too, but have no direct experience with that gun. The only warning in the owner's manual against dry-firing is that it should NOT be done when the slide has been removed or gun is disassembled.)
Some modern center-fire guns shouldn't be dry-fired. Older CZ-75Bs with a
single firing pin retention roll pin shouldn't be dry-fired unless you use a snap cap -- and CZ then shipped new guns with a cheap plastic snap cap in the case. The current Taurus PT92 manual says use a snap cap (and don't dry-fire otherwise); the manual for the similar Beretta 92 recommends using a spent cartridge or using a snap cap when practicing trigger pulls (but doesn't say don't dry fire with an empty chamber.) The Ruger center-fire guns, like the LC9/9s and SR9 can be dry-fired IF the magazine is in the gun, but will be damaged if it's not.
The Beretta Tomcat, a modern center-fire weapon, doesn't warn against dry-firing in the manual I found online, but when I bought one new, I didn't see a warning in the Owner's Manual and dry-fired away. I quickly broke a firing pin
even though I had always used a snap cap! The Tomcat firing pin hits so hard it will eat up even good-quality snap caps quickly, and I didn't notice the damage to the snap cap until it was too late! (I've heard from others with similar experiences with their Tomcats.) I think all Kel-Tec owner manuals warn against dry-firing without snap caps (and present it as a GENERAL statement for all handguns.)
Some guns require you to dry-fire when field-stripping, but with some of them the owner's manual recommends that you NOT DO IT EXCESSIVELY. I think that is now what is taught in Glock Armorer classes. The new FN-509 also has that instruction in the Owner's Manual; the manual for the similar FNS 9 and 40 models, the design upon which the FN-509 was based, does NOT include that warning.
If you get the right kind of SNAP CAP, like the Tipton (which has a spring-loaded "primer" area), there is little chance of doing harm to the gun. With most striker-fired guns, like the M&P, you can pull back the slide just enough to reset the striker and not fully unchamber the round.
Good quality snap caps are cheap insurance, but depending on the gun, may be an unnecessary expense. I have them and use them, depending on the gun.