Have shot several hundred bullets, both jacketed and cast, into water filled jugs...I can't remember any non-HP bullet ever doing anything more than riveting a little. The Remington 210 grain Soft-Point is running 1250 fps from a 4" barrel...the lead is pretty soft and it just deformed the nose and that was after running into the soft body armor after going through 5 jugs of water... If you have some pictures of cast bullets that have expanded I would love to see them and know how fast they were going on impact...
Bob
Way back machine times...a company made molds that used a front portion and a back portion. I had one in a 235 gr 44 cal when put together. Soft lead for the nose...hard for the body...then I had a Forster?? hollowpoint tool. Driven with 19 gr I think of 2400 they would expand...very well. I didn't use many. They were time consuming and they leaded the bore somewhat. FC and bbl fit were probably off...but that was years ago and I wasn't quite up to snuff on casting. I also had some of the molds that you cast bullets with zinc washers in the base...in fact still have a couple. You could use pretty soft lead with the washers in place. I used quite a few of them and when pushed pretty hard they would expand/mushroom. One of those molds is a Hensley & Gibbs 4 cavity for 45 auto. never really used it cause who pushes 45 auto that hard? The others were 357 nd 44 molds and I did use them. The MP molds I have are slowly being sold as I no longer cast many bullets. Most of the one I have left are new 2 cavity brass and the fellow made some works of art in my opinion. The Penta HPs will expand at least a bit in higher velocity ranges