Re time to get the NICS approved, I purchased a handgun on two occasions in June here in Oregon and was approved in minutes.
I think the permit to acquire, for every single handgun purchase, is pointless. (Hawaii does that, and in their case getting the permit to acquire takes two weeks after application.) For gun owners it is harassment. For anti gunners, it will not do anything to make society safer.
On the other hand, I do think proof of a basic understanding of gun safety is a reasonable requirement for gun ownership. Something like the basic NRA gun safety course. And I think it ought to be offered free to first time gun purchasers. Pay for it with tax money. Offer it in schools, community centers, churches and workplaces. Wherever people gather. Once done, it's done.
In a society with as many guns as we have, it would be useful for non gun owners to understand gun safety so as to know how to behave if they come across an unattended gun, or one that needs temporary safekeeping. (Say a CCW person is injured, incapacitated, or loses his gun.)
When I started buying guns again about twenty years ago, after a long hiatus, we were in Hawaii. Hawaii required a basic gun safety course as the first step. My wife, who has no interest in guns whatsoever, took the course with me as she wanted to know how to be safe around them if they were going to be in the house.