+P Through a Model 12: THE TEST...is done!!!!

Osprey

Member
Joined
Jan 23, 2001
Messages
67
Reaction score
32
Location
Leesburg, VA
Introduction: There has been quite a bit of discussion concerning the use of +P ammunition in the alloy framed S&W model 12s (M12). The M12, or the “.38 Military and Police Airweight,” debuted in 1952 and was discontinued in 1986 with the -4 engineering change. Throughout its entire production run, it carried the limitation of not being blessed by the manufacturer for use with +P ammunition. However, this forum, and I suspect many others, have hosted numerous debates about the feasibility, safety, and/or prudence of firing +P ammo through a “vintage” model 12. The spectrum of positions on this issue is as wide as the group size from a Taurus revolver, but all positions fit fairly nicely into the three categories below.

* NEVER fire +P ammo through a model 12. The possible consequences exceed the benefits. If the frame cracks, the factory will not repair it.

* SOME +P can be fired through a model 12. Practice predominantly with standard pressure .38s and finish off your session with a couple of cylinders full of +P.

* SHOOT as much +P as you want (or can afford). It will produce no more wear on a model 12 then it will on any other S&W revolver.

To the best of my knowledge, nobody has conducted, or at least published a report on, a quantitative test to see how many – if any – rounds of +P a model 12 can handle before incurring some sort of fatal career ending failure (such as a cracked frame). At first, I was going to test an M12 to this point of failure, but wiser forum members convinced me otherwise. As you’ll see in the hypothesis below, I, possibly “we,” will attempt to get 1,000 rounds of commercially manufactured +P ammo fired through the subject revolver. The test will conclude at the 1,000 round mark or at the point the gun breaks.

For ease of reference, I’m imbedding the following unique search term into this topic:

wanker


Hypothesis: That a Smith and Wesson model 12-2 can fire 1,000 commercially produced .38 special +P rounds without damage of a type that cannot be repaired (i.e. the infamous “cracked frame”).

The Test Format: The format is pretty simple. A log will be kept and posted on this forum of the brand, bullet type/weight, product number (if available), lot number (if available), number of rounds fired, and the date in which they were fired. I/we will also post the date and type maintenance performed on the subject gun. The test will conclude when the round count reaches 1,000 (or slightly over) or when the gun breaks to a degree that it can’t be readily repaired.

The Gun: Smith & Wesson Model 12-2, serial number D6542xx (c.’73-’74). I purchased this gun used on September 27, 2003. The gun did NOT have its proprietary wooden grips at the time of purchase and as such, it was equipped with some kind of full wrap around rubber grip. From the day of purchase, to 27 AUG 2007, it has only fired 160 rounds of standard pressure .38 special.

Grip: The current grip is an Uncle Mikes (UM) round butt (RB) boot grip with craft foam inserts installed in the gap between the M12’s narrow frame and the standard frame accommodations of the boot grip (see photo). It will be noted during the testing period if and when the grips, or any other part, are replaced.

DSC01686.jpg

M12 in Galco holster

.... Osprey
 
Register to hide this ad
The Log:
Unless otherwise noted, all rounds listed will be +P.

28 AUG 07 – Sighting in of 3 different types of +P ammo.

18 rds of Winchester 110 gr JHP (X38S6PH), Lot # 93TH48
36 rds of Federal 125gr Nyclad HP (N38N), Lot # 15A-8629
18 rds of Georgia Arms 158 gr LSWCHP (G38E), Lot # 04190750

Total Rds for this session: 72
Total Rds (running total): 72

Notes: Gun looks fine. GA ammo very smoky and messy.
icon_smile.gif

------------
1 SEP 07
I was asked to measure and log the cylinder window and B/C gap so here are the numbers.

Horizontal (TOP): 1.818”
Horizontal (BOT): 1.818” (one side measured .001-.002” less)
Vertical (F): 1.477”
Vertical (B): 1.477” (one side measured .001” less)
B/C gap: 0.007” (I could get the .008” feeler in if I pressed the cylinder back).

Notes: Please remember, these measurements were taken after the gun was 72 rounds into the test. Also, this gun was cleaned on this date. The cylinder and yoke were removed for cleaning (and measurement of the cylinder window) which included the use of JB’s bore cleaning in the barrel only.

------------
20 SEP 07

9 rds of Winchester 110 gr JHP (X38S6PH), Lot # 93TH48
33 rds of Georgia Arms 158 gr LSWCHP (G38E), Lot # 04190750

Total Rds for this session: 42
Total Rds (running total): 114

Notes: Gun looks fine. GA ammo very smoky and messy, but their “package” of 50 rds had 51 rounds in it.
------------
4 OCT 07


8 rds of Winchester 110 gr JHP (X38S6PH), Lot # 93TH48
28 rds of Georgia Arms 158 gr LSWCHP (G38E), Lot # 04190750
24 rds of Winchester 125 gr JHP (X38S7PH), Lot # 10XE80
50 rds of Remington/UMC 125 gr JHP (L38S2(B))* Lot # C24E BOI
* I believe the “B” designates a “bulk (100 rd) pack.”

Total Rds for this session: 110
Total Rds (running total): 224

Notes:
1) Under a magnifying glass, I still can’t see anything that looks like a crack anywhere on the frame.
2) The cylinder release screw loosened during this shooting session. I will use blue Locktite on it during the next cleaning/maintenance.
3) To shoot this many rounds, I had to sports tape the back strap, sports tape the web of my shooting hand and sports tape the trigger during the session. (If I ever find the guy who decided to put a serrated trigger on this gun, I’ll crack the frame on M12 during the beating this guy is going to get.)
4) Despite all the tape, I’ll still managed to get blisters and lose some skin in the following places, top of trigger finger, bottom of trigger finger, and the web of my shooting (right) hand. With this, I will probably change the grip to something that provides full coverage of the back strap. I’ll annotate the grip details soon after I change it out.
5) The gun seemed to like the UMC stuff. I even managed to shoot something that looked like a group with it.
------------
5 OCT 07


As more or less a continuation of yesterday’s activities, here are some more notes.

1) Cleaned subject gun this evening. As part of the cleaning process, I removed the cylinder and yoke. I also removed the thumb piece and thumb piece screw for cleaning and reassembly using blue Locktite. After cleaning, I again examined the gun using a magnifying glass and light. No cracks are visible, even under mild magnification.
2) Replaced boot grip with a Pachmayr Compac Decelerator. This grip wraps 360 degrees around the grip frame and will hopefully provide the shooter with a bit more protection.
3) As per note 1), I reassembled the thumb piece using blue Locktite.
4) I checked the B/C gap and again it measured 0.007”. This is the same number I got the last time (at round # 72). However, I read in Jerry Huhnhausen’s manual, “The S&W Revolver: A Shop Manual,” that this gap might be a bit large. With that, I will probably stop perform such a rigorous cleaning of the front face of the cylinder in a effort to close up this B/C gap a bit.
------------
25 OCT 07


22 rds of Georgia Arms 158 gr LSWCHP (G38E), Lot # 04190750
50 rds of Winchester 125 gr JHP (X38S7PH), Lot # 10XE80
50 rds of Remington/UMC 125 gr JHP (L38S2(B))* Lot # C24E BOI
* I believe the “B” designates a “bulk (100 rd) pack.”

Total Rds for this session: 122
Total Rds (running total): 346

Notes:
1) First shoot with the new full wrap around Pachmayr Compac Decelerator. This helped tremendously as it wasn’t until round # 98 that I realized I was missing skin on the web of my right hand.
2) The Georgia Arms twaddle is gone and won’t be replaced. It is inexpensive, but way too dirty and smoky.
3) I really like the Remington/UMC stuff. It is reliable ammo with a hollow point bullet that could be used for self defense and is inexpensive enough (relatively speaking) that you can – and should – practice regularly with it. (Anybody got any data on how it performs out on the street?)
4) After checking the gun over with a magnifying glass, I haven’t found anything that looks like a crack nor have I experienced any symptoms of a mechanical problem with the subject gun.
------------
17 NOV 07


Administrative Notes:
1) Changed grip from the aforemention Pachmayr to an Uncle Mikes “Grip” (part number 59005). This grip is a full size wrap around grip that’s technically meant for a square butt (SB) K or L-frame (I think it might work on the X-frames as well), but it will also work on guns with round butts (RB).
2) I’ve acquired an additional 200 rounds of +P to include some 158 grain Lawman from Speer.
3) I’m gearing up to use this gun in an IDPA match on 12 DEC. I hope to get to the range the week after Thanksgiving to “check out the package” prior to the match.

------------
28 NOV 07


Ladies and Gentlemen: we have crossed the halfway mark. I didn’t realize it until I dragged my blistered and bloody hand home and totaled up the evening’s shooting. Here’s the new data.

26 rds of Winchester 125 gr JHP (X38S7PH), Lot # 10XE80
80 rds of Winchester 125 gr JHP (X38S7PH), Lot # 62XE21
50 rds of Speer Lawman 158 gr TMJ (53750), Lot# Not on box

Total Rds for this session: 156
Total Rds (running total): 502

Notes:
1) First shoot with the Uncle Mikes’ grip installed back on 17 NOV.
2) First shoot using the Speer Lawman ammo. This “expensive +P practice ammo” is to date, my favorite ammo for the subject gun. This ammo shoots the closest yet to POA and gave me some outstanding groups fired from single action mode. Ironically, testing +P ammo through a model 12 may be the only practical thing to do with this ammo. ?
3) Most importantly, the gun looks fine, even under mild magnification. It’s quite dirty (see note 4), but nothing looks suspicious.
4) Also note from the log, that the subject gun was not cleaned from the session on 25 OCT. This makes the second session of live fire in 34 days that the gun has been involved with without cleaning.
5) Finally, after tonight’s session, I’ve given up on using the gun in an IDPA match.

------------
29 DEC 07


Brief update: I cleaned the subject gun today (it only took two months and a couple of shooting sessions to finally clean it). Again, I looked it over with a magnifying glass after cleaning, everything looked fine. However, I did notice that the barrel and patches appeared to have that greenish-gray look to them (probably from shooting the last of that nasty Georgia Arms fodder back in October). Because of this, I did spend some extra time cleaning the barrel using JB’s bore cleaner. The barrel looks a lot better now.

------------
16 JAN 08


Don’t worry, I haven’t forgotten about you or the test. Here are the new revised numbers from tonight’s shooting session.

20 rds of Winchester 125 gr JHP (X38S7PH), Lot # 62XE21
50 rds of Speer Lawman 158 gr TMJ (53750), Lot# Not on box
50 rds of Speer Lawman 158 gr TMJ (53750), Lot# M05M3


Total Rds for this session: 120
Total Rds (running total): 622

Notes:
I wiped the gun down when I got home and looked everything over with a magnifying glass. Nothing appears to be having a problem apart from the shooter. I have another blister on my trigger finger and a swatch of skin from the web of my hand is missing. For those of you who care, I’ll live!
icon_biggrin.gif

------------
19 JAN 08


Administrative Update: I cleaned the subject gun today in response to the shooting session from 16 JAN 08. During this routine maintenance, I removed the grips, cylinder assembly, and yoke. After cleaning and while the gun was still dissembled, I reviewed suspect areas with a magnifying glass. No cracks or suspicious abrasions were observed. Expect for noticing that the blued steel and the blackened alloy frame appear to be farther from each others hue then I’ve ever noticed before, everything appears to look and operate as it is supposed to.
------------
24 JAN 08


With tonight’s session, I’ve managed to fire 270 rounds in two sessions within 8 days. Here’s the break down by ammo type.

50 rds of Speer Lawman 158 gr TMJ (53750), Lot# Not on box
100 rds of Remington/UMC 125 gr JHP (L38S2(B))* Lot # D17J A01
* I believe the “B” designates a “bulk (100 rd) pack.”

Total Rds for this session: 150
Total Rds (running total): 772

Notes:
1) The subject gun looks fine. I had to clean it up a bit with some oil and a rag in order to look it over with a magnifying glass.
2) Tonight’s session was NOT without any drama. Somewhere during the 5th cylinder full (rounds 647 – 652), there was a slight problem while using the Rem/UMC ammo. At first, I was having problems getting the cylinder closed, but after rotating the cylinder a bit, it shut. However, I could not get the cylinder to turn using the trigger or by manually cocking the hammer. Obviously, something was hung up. Long story short, I ended up firing these six rounds chambered as singles or pairs. One of the rounds appeared to be dragging on the blast shield, but not as bad as when all six chambers were loaded. After firing these six rounds, I chambered all the brass and “dry fired” the gun. The suspect brass worked fine and the session continued with no additional problems.
3) Ironically, having fired the gun in a session just eight days ago, the areas on my shooting hand were still calloused, as opposed to being an open sore. I still used some sports tape, but during tonight’s session, I didn’t lose anymore skin or subject myself to any kind of blood-letting.
4) I am out of +P ammo, but there’s a gun show in town on February 8th. My hope is to acquire the last of the ammo needed to finish this test. This fact, combined with a change of jobs over the same gun show weekend should lower your expectations that you’ll see another entry in here before, let’s say, February 15th.

------------
27 JAN 08


Administrative Update: I cleaned the subject gun from the 24 JAN 08 shooting session. This was just a standard maintenance. I removed the grips, cylinder assembly, and yoke. After cleaning, I reviewed suspect areas with a magnifying glass. No cracks or suspicious abrasions were observed. The gun appears to be chugging along just fine. I’ll also note that I purchased another 100 rounds of the 158 gr Lawman yesterday (1/27).

------------
8 FEB 08


A short 100 rd session today shot between out-processing my current job and attending the Capital Gun Show in Chantilly, VA. I anticipate finishing the test with one more range session.

100 rds of Speer Lawman 158 gr TMJ (53750), Lot# Not on box

Total Rds for this session: 100
Total Rds (running total): 872

Notes:
1) The gun looks fine.
2) At one point in the shooting session I thought the gun’s accuracy was going away which lead me to suspect that there might be something wrong with the gun. However, after firing a couple of cylinders in single action, I concluded that the shooter was the source of the inaccuracy, NOT the gun (maybe the ammo).
3) At the gun show, I purchased the final boxes of ammo needed to complete this 1,000 round test. This included one box each of Speer 135 gr Gold Dot; Federal 125 gr JHP; and CCI Blazer 125 gr TMJ.

------------
9 FEB 08


Administrative Update: I cleaned the subject gun from the 8 FEB 08 shooting session. This was just a standard maintenance. I removed the grips, cylinder assembly, and yoke. After cleaning, I reviewed suspect areas with a magnifying glass. No cracks or suspicious abrasions were observed. The gun appears to be chugging along just fine.

------------
14 MAR 08


We are done. The test concluded tonight when we crossed the 1,000 rd mark. The final tally was 1,022 rds. Here’s the numbers for tonight’s session:

50 rds of Speer LE 135 gr GDHP (53921), Lot# D 18 N 32
50 rds of CCI Blazer 125 gr TMJ (3518), Lot# J15L6
50 rds of Federal Classic 125 gr JHP (38E), Lot# 12 V5Z9

Total Rds for this session: 150
Total Rds (running total): 1022

Notes:
1) The gun looks fine.
2) The 1,000th round was a one of the Federal Classic rounds.
3) I really tore up my hand this time, blistering and then removing a swatch of skin from the palm of my shooting hand.
 
Let the games begin.
icon_smile.gif
Remember Osprey, safety first. It doesn't count if you get hurt or killed. Somebody will have to start all over at 1 with another M12.
 
If it helps any, I can lend a spare vest and helmet if you are really are concerned about the safety aspects. I don't think a Model 12 would fail that spectacularly. Having a 12-3, I'm curious about how this will turn out.
 
The test might be more meaningful if you took some sort of objective measurement such as cylinder-barrel gap or end shake. I would expect that if there were any adverse effects on the gun due to the firing of the +P it would show up in one of those places.
 
I doubt that an extra 100 fps that is generated by most factory +P ammo is going to damage the gun. If the frame cracks like the AirWeight J-Frames used to it probably would have cracked with standard loads.

I do agree with the other poster that measurments should be taken of the cylinder gap and headspace to se how much endshake is generated buy the pounding. It is too bad you don't have a second M12 that is in equal condition to shoot them side by side, one with +P and one with standard loads to see what the difference is at the end of the test.

There would probably also be a difference depending on the ammo used. Winchester +P .38 Special is not even close to CorBon +P ammo in pressure or velocity. Same with Buffalo bore. Their 158 cast SWC is going 1000 fps from a 2" gun vs. a Federal, Winchester or Remington +P 158 that is only doing 790 fps...

Let us know how things are progressing.

Bob
 
Last edited:
Hypothesis: That a Smith and Wesson model 12-2 can fire 1,000 commercially produced .38 special +P rounds without damage of a type that cannot be repaired (i.e. the infamous “cracked frame”).

I think you should extend you hypothesis to 2000 rounds. Some years ago it seemed to be common knowledge that S&W intended their airweight J-frame .38s to have a service life of at least 2000 rounds (+P ammo did not exist at that time). (No, I cannot provide any sort of reference, much less a link. )

Anyway, as all of us fifty-somethings remember, Elmer Keith picked this up and ran with it, testing a gun using all sorts of ammo, including some of his own reloads!

I think he had his famous gunsmith Iver Hendricksen measure the gun when it was new, as the test progressed and at it's conclusion (2000+ rounds). They found no harm to the revolver and Keith wrote the thing up enough times (in generalities, I don't recall seeing a specific, dedicated article about just this topic) that we all got the message.

Thus, we might hazard the guess that, unless your M12 has some weakness of design not present in the J-frame (seems unlikely), or your M12 has an individual flaw that cannot be discovered by inspection, it should run through 1000 rounds easily - and likely 2000 or more.

I am no engineer, but it seems improbable to me that a manufacturer as prestigous as S&W would design a weapon where the margins of safety and service life would be significantly affected by the difference in standard and +P pressures - within reason, of course. But, as I said, I am no engineer and certainly have nothing to base my opinion on - other than my own, very limited practices. It will be interesting to see what your test proves.
 
and I suspect many others, have hosted numerous debates about the feasibility, safety, and/or prudence of firing +P ammo through a “vintage” model 12

Including the discussion(s....ad infintum) of what +P .38 special means as it relates to 'older'? standard pressure .38 special etc.

Wondering if Saxonpig will join in as he has done a fair amount of +P versus standard pressure discussion around the net!

Please be safe, keeping count of fingers, toes, eyes, ears, well just everything!
 
Originally posted by M29since14:
I am no engineer, but it seems improbable to me that a manufacturer as prestigous as S&W would design a weapon where the margins of safety and service life would be significantly affected by the difference in standard and +P pressures - within reason, of course.
Normally I would agree with this statement, but remember, the earliest pre-12's had an alloy cylinder that cracked on a regular basis necessitating the change to a steel cylinder.

Brian~
 
Originally posted by RON in PA:
The test might be more meaningful if you took some sort of objective measurement such as cylinder-barrel gap or end shake. I would expect that if there were any adverse effects on the gun due to the firing of the +P it would show up in one of those places.

Keep in mind he is looking for a failure that would completely incapacitate the gun. Parts loosening up and out of alignment, while affecting performance, can be fixed.
 
Guys, I'm a little pressed for time right now, but I will "mike" the cylinder window (and measure the b/c gap if I can find my feeler gauge) this weekend and log it to this topic.

FYI.... Osprey
 
Keep in mind he is looking for a failure that would completely incapacitate the gun.

There was a whole thread on that subject too, and I don't remember what the conclusion was. I think that the original thread (not Osprey's thread) that raised the question was would it harm the gun, which happens before total failure.
 
I've shot lots of +P's through allow frame S&W's with no problems. I did however several years ago have a Colt Cobra frame distort to the point that it was impossible to load and close after only about 200 rounds of +P. Sent it back to Colt and asked for a new frame at my cost. Received the gun back with a letter advising the gun had been used with excessive pressure loads and would not be repaired and they advised that I throw it away.
 
Go Osprey! This will be a fun thread to keep up with. Thanks for the effort! PM me with your address and I'll spot you for an occasional box of ammo.
 
Back
Top