I agree, the cyl rear face has clearly been 'turned off' with a lathe for greater head space. Whether it's larger enough for 45 ACP or not can only be guessed from a photo. It needs to be measured. We also can see if the recoil shield has been shaved or not.
I also agree the chambers do not appear to have been reamed for 45 Colt because there's usually evidence of the original shoulder still showing unless reamed a bit oversize.
Now consider this:
All S&W .455 BSRs, although designated to shoot the .454 Mk II, are actually chambered at the behest of the British for the longer .455 Mk I.
Therefore by simply shaving the rear cyl face to increase head space and depending on the actual resulting head space, the cyl can chamber a few other cartridges, most often of course being the .45 ACP & .45 Auto Rim. But if not shaved enough for those two, .45 Colt with shortened cases, the .45 S&W Special (.45 Frankford), .45 Cowboy Spl, and possibly even .45 Schofield (with turned down rims) would also chamber and shoot reliably, albeit those are highly unlikely.
The bottom line is, we need an actual head space measurement with a feeler gauge between the rear cyl face and the recoil shield. And we need the OP to chamber a .45 Colt cartridge to verify if it chambers all the way in or not, both to provide an informed answer.
Mark, can you provide those?