Dan,
Right now I am wintering over 6 colonies of honeybees, and have had as few as one and as many as 35 colonies in the past 50 years. We harvested 35 gallons of honey from those 6 this Fall.
Some of the information and advice mentioned in the previous posts is good, and some not so good (incorrect). My advice to you is to read all you can about the seasonal care of honeybees, equipment needed, and the successes and failures of other beekeepers. Locate a mentor, preferably an oldtimer, to give you confidence.
Here in Ohio there are 3 ways of obtaining bees to start a colony:
1. catch a swarm in the Spring
2. purchase an already established nucleus from a local beekeeper in the Spring
3. order a 3 lb package of bees from an apiary in February or March, to be delivered in the Spring.
Since no drones, male bees, winter over in cooler latitudes like Ohio, honeybees must be obtained from places like KY, FLA, GA, or CA. Drones are not allowed back in the hive starting in September, and starve to death. Drones serve no purpose except to mate with the queen.
IF I purchase honeybees I get them from a local beekeeper who trucks in 2000 colonies from CA and KY. Price is $120/3lb.
The queen dictates the viability of the colony, regardless of the type of bee you get. Entomologists say it is unlikely that any pure Caucasion, Italian, or German honeybees exist because of interbreeding. A queen will mate with any drone from any source.
Look up my previous beekeeping posts here. Several months ago I offered a "honey karma".
Since I am in Ohio too, you are welcome to visit my bee yard and we can discuss bees and guns. I am a member of the local Conservation Club and we can punch a few holes in paper targets.
In the meantime, get a copy of BEEKEEPING IN THE MIDWEST
by Jaycox. It has good advice for ANY beekeeper.Feel free to PM me if you want to talk more.
Dave