The scarce oddball .45 U.S. Model 1909

Joined
Jan 24, 2007
Messages
10,358
Reaction score
52,005
Location
Arizona
I'm a great fan of revolvers chambered for .45 Colt. I have a number of Model 25s, 625s, and single actions that ring my chimes. I think the .45 Colt cartridge combines hard-hitting power with mild recoil in a way that's hard to beat.

I have one gun in my collection that's a bit of an oddball. It's chambered for the .45 Colt (modified) and it's well over a hundred years old.

It seems that at the turn of the 20th Century, the U.S. military found the then-standard .38 caliber revolvers insufficiently effective against the Moros in the Philippines. Those fierce and fanatical warriors would bind themselves with makeshift tourniquets and charge our lines wielding machetes and other similar native devices. The tourniquets prevented massive blood loss when they were shot - so they lived long enough to inflict severe damage on our troops.

The solution was to get the old .45 Colt single actions back into action, and they were way more effective on the Moros. Trouble is, they were not double action revolvers and they were slow to load. The U.S. had put out a call for a suitable .45 semiauto pistol, but the Model 1911 was years away.

Colt came up with a stopgap weapon chambered for a .45 Colt cartridge with a slightly wider rim for more reliable ejection of the empties. The Model 1909 was quickly adopted as a standard issue weapon, and these guns were sent to the Philippines right away. They worked.

As soon as the Model 1911s were adopted for issue, the Colt 1909s fell into disuse, and many were left to rot in the Philippines. Not many were returned to the U.S.

One of these comparatively rare guns walked into a gun show as I was standing in line to get in. I recognized it for what it was, and made the owner an offer that was accepted. I've treasured it for years as an unique relic of U.S. military history.

The Model 1909 morphed into the more familiar Colt Model 1917 used during WWI. It's quickly distinguished from its successor by the fact that the barrel has no flare where it joins the frame.

According to its serial number, this one came out of Hartford in 1910, making it now 111 years old. It's still operational and chambers and fires regular .45 Colt cartridges handily. I thought you might like to see it.

John

 
Last edited:
Register to hide this ad
I'm a great fan of revolvers chambered for .45 Colt. I have a number of Model 25s, 625s, and single actions that ring my chimes. I think the .45 Colt cartridge combines hard-hitting power with mild recoil in a way that's hard to beat.

John....all I can say is WOW!! What I gem! Like you, I'm a big fan of the .45 Colt cartridge and have packed one regularly on my many forays into back country wilderness areas for over forty years. Let's face facts, when it comes to the .45 Colt, what's not to like?:)
 
Last edited:
The M1909 is likely the shortest-serving "standard issue" US service sidearm.

Of course Colt didn't really have to "come up with a stopgap weapon". :)

The M1909 was just the military version of the Colt New Service which Colt had been selling for over a decade; for example, the Canadian government had been buying it, in both .45 Colt and in .455, since 1904.
 
That's a nice looking 1909.

It's really not an oddball though. It is just a Colt New Service and aside from the 1917s, .45 Colt was the most popular chambering in the big, brawny NS.

I once had a 1909 that had been through an arsenal rebuild and then cut down to 4". It was another one of those "I wish I hadda kept it" firearms that have passed through my hands over the years.

My favorite version of the 1909 is the USMC model (naturally :)). It has the same 5 1/2" barrel, but has a rounded butt. One of my projects-in-waiting is fitting a 5 1/2"straight shank barrel and rounding the butt on a 7 1/2" NS in .45 Colt. I'm probably going to fit a 1917 .45 ACP cylinder to it as well.
 
Last edited:
All
Pics of my 1909. Needs correct grips.
Pics of issue ammo for 1909. It is not 45 Colt. 45 Colt has issues and FA came out with a proprietary round. I have found 2 boxes of this ammo at ARIZONA gun shows.
Bill@Yuma

The only issue is that the Army decided that the rims on .45 Colt cartridges were small, so they designed a .45 Colt round with a larger rim for better extraction from the 1909 revolvers. However, this ammo wouldn't function in the SAA because od of the larger rims. You have to load every other chamber in a SAA if all you have are the Frankford Armory rounds.

If the Army had trained their soldiers to point the muzzle of the 1909s skyward before hitting the ejector rod, the 1909 cartridge wouldn't have needed.
 
That's a nice looking 1909.

It's really not an oddball though. It is just a Colt New Service and aside from the 1917s, .45 Colt was the most popular chambering in the big, brawny NS.

I once had a 1909 that had been through an arsenal rebuild and then cut down to 4". It was another one of those "I wish I hadda kept it" firearms that have passed through my hands over the years.

My favorite version of the 1909 is the USMC model (naturally :)). It has the same 5 1/2" barrel, but has a rounded butt. One of my projects-in-waiting is fitting a 5 1/2"straight shank barrel and rounding the butt on a 7 1/2" NS in .45 Colt. I'm probably going to fit a 1917 .45 ACP cylinder to it as well.

I am with Muley gil, it is not an oddball. Just a New Service made to the War Departments request. They shoot well, I have one.

All
Pics of my 1909. Needs correct grips.
Pics of issue ammo for 1909. It is not 45 Colt. 45 Colt has issues and FA came out with a proprietary round. I have found 2 boxes of this ammo at ARIZONA gun shows.
Bill@Yuma

Historical Firearms - The Colt M1909: The Stopgap Sidearm The early....

American Rifleman | Last of Its Kind: The USMC Model 1909 Colt

It shoots .45 Colt just fine. I load to the original War Department specs (a 250 grain bullet at 750 FPS - for me that is 5.6 Grains of Bullseye)
 
All
Pics of my 1909. Needs correct grips.
Pics of issue ammo for 1909. It is not 45 Colt. 45 Colt has issues and FA came out with a proprietary round. I have found 2 boxes of this ammo at ARIZONA gun shows.
Bill@Yuma

As I mentioned, the only problem with the .45 Colt cartridges at the time was that the rims were not wide enough for reliable ejection with the ejection star in a double action revolver. FA came out with a round that varied from .45 Colt only in having a slightly wider rim. I believe modern .45 Colt ammo has a very slightly wider rim. The old ones worked fine in the Single Action Army because the ejector rod poked the cases out one by one from inside the case. I have had no ejection problem with any modern DA revolver and the 1909 using modern standard .45 Colt ammo.

Interesting that you could find old 1909-compatible ammo with the wider rims these days.

John
 
I have one in very good original shape but it's a 455 Eley. Made for UK & common wealth. I was going to make 45Colt out of it and decided to leave it 455. Like all the other Militaries, today they are more desirable in original condition.
I've seen articles that War Dept had many 1917s/ 45acps of Colt and S&Ws rebuilt during early days of WW2. Mostly for Stateside duty so the 1911s could go to combat zones. The issue 1909 NS you don't see much about.
 
Back
Top