My take on new in box should be with the understanding that the factory can do anything they want while they still have the gun in their possession and it is new when it goes to the distributor. You never buy a new car with zero miles... what I do know about S&W comes from my personal experience attending the factory armorers school, being in the factory and talking to the employees as well as seeing the entire process from bulk steel to boxing the guns. This was in the 80’s when assembly guys were paid by piece work. Guns were made on a rack of 10 at a time. The rack went to a shooter who fired every other cylinder. If the shooter noticed 1 or more of 53 possible issues, the issue was marked on a list and the list attached to the gun and it went back to the same guy that made it for repair. The repair was made and sent back to the shooter who usually fired all cylinders of a repaired gun. Now, if a known good reputation fitter made a rack and a few passed without issue, the whole rack could be accepted and sent to packaging. This is how you could get a new gun - unfired, 3 cylinders fired or all cylinders fired. The employees knew who we were and answered any questions we had. Being a S&W guy, I asked questions daily. It was quite a learning experience.