The early Marlin proof mark was an 'M' in a circle and was used up to WW1 or there about.
Usually guns with this mark are stamped on the bottom of the bbl. Proofing was done on the assembled but not yet stocked unit.
Somewhere in there, the JM in an oval Proof MArk was approved for use.
Guns were being proofed in their completed state and the proof mark was applied to the gun above the wood line because of this.
Around 1985/86, a new Proof Mark was once again approved for use, but it was just the same JM ,,,but w/o the oval.
PennyPinchers at Marlin probably found out that the machine made stamps were cheaper by a few cents if made w/o the oval.
The Range continued to use the older Oval mark punches as they had them so some newer guns show up with the older mark on them.
Also about that time in '86,, Marlin decided to NOT proof test the .22rf blowback rifles. Again a cost saving measure.
Instead they were done by testing a select few out of a known number as they came through off the line. I don't know the equation used.
The stamping itself was always done in the range and after the Proof round test was done. Or supposedly.
When I worked there in the early 70's, it was not unusual for rolling racks of rifles to be pushed into the range, get stamped with the JM proof mark, and then rolled right back out again and down to Packing.
They never saw a single round through them, Proof or otherwise.
This when the range was backed up and things were really busy.
At that time the proof mark stamp was applied with a small pneumatic hand held 'gun' and one could run up and down a 30 gun cart in no time.
...All set. Proofed, function fired and targeted...It says so,they all have the 'mark'..Marlins Best!
Same in any Factory in any era.
So the chances of a rifle missing a proof mark are just as easy.
Hardly any one ever works in those places at the time thinking they're making collectors items. It's just a job for most.