This looks like a "labor of love" for some "smith as there has been a lot of work poured into it.
If anybody would like to take a stab on just what it is any help will be welcome.........
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I think your Remington is a gunsmith conversion. Not unusual to find them done on Colts and Remingtons both.
A breech plate to take up the space of what is machined off the rear of the orig cylinder. Conversion to center fire hammer, loading gate added,ect.
Lots of work, but in those days, cheaper than a new revolver,,or maybe no new cartridge revolver(s) were available.
The groove diameter spec of the bbl (.448) is under what the original 44 C&B would bbl be.
But it's right where it's correct for a 44 Henry RF.
Could the revolver have originally been converted to fire 44Henry RF ?
(Would a '36cal C&B bbl fit a New Army 44 cal revolver to be used for a rebore?)
The original factory conversions were done to .46 Remington RF. A good (bullet dia .455/.456) fit to the original 44 C&B bbl groove dia.
A second conversion to centerfire might have been done on the revolver later on. No reason the gun couldn't have been around the barn more than once.
The loss of easy to obtain 44Henry ammunition, or want for more power.
A new conversion to CF breech plate, hammer alteration and rechamber to another cartridge.
That new round could be 44 Colt CF,,,,could be 44 Remington CF,,?
They are not interchangable,,but they are close.
(44 Remington CF was one of the chamberings used in the 1875 Remington revolver)
What they do have in common is that both use a bullet (heeled) that is far larger in diameter than the groove diameter of the barrel spec you've measured.
Modern .44 Colt CF ammo made for the repros on the market uses regular .429dia bullets loaded inside the case of shortened 44 Russian brass. Not really authentic 44 Colt CF spec.
The original Remington and Colt rounds used very small diameter rims also so as to be able to fit the rounds into the cylinder.
Just my thoughts..
Very interesting revolver. The conversions in general are interesting as so many were done outside the factory as from within.
There is/was a book on the Colt conversions. I don't know if anyone ever wrote up the Remington and lesser known brand conversions.