I'm one of those guys that cleans my guns after each range trip whether it had 50 rounds or 500 rounds run through it. Especially if it's my carry gun. Strip it down, run a wet patch through the bore and then wipe down the slide and frame. Once that's done a few passes with a bronze brush and then a few more wet patches followed by a couple dry patches followed by a lightly oiled patch. About every third or fourth range trip they get a detailed cleaning. Like I said, I'm one of those guys. Leaving a gun in the safe dirty for a few days drives me insane.
I don't know of any brand name factory ammo these days that are corrosive so with that in mind you should be just fine. Some ammo is dirtier than others so if this is the case a quick field strip and wipe down might not be a bad idea. Worst case, take your cleaning kit to the range with you in the event there is a small problem where a quick cleaning could save the day. Otherwise, I see no problem letting the gun sit for a few days uncleaned until the next range trip.
On a side note, years ago we were out shooting with my wife's great uncle when his old Ruger MKII started keyholeing (bullet was tumbling) every shot. He couldn't figure it out so I asked to look at it. While inspecting it I noticed there was no rifling in the barrel and asked how long it had been since he cleaned it. His answer was never and the gun was over 20 years old. I had my cleaning kit with me and after 15 minutes of scrubbing the bore the rifling suddenly appeared and this gun was as good as new easily shooting consistent 2" groups at 25 yards. Kinda makes me wonder why I spend so much time cleaning.