Here's some good information on the subject posted by dfariswheel on another forum:
"Cylinder end shake is the amount the cylinder is free to move back and forth in the frame. What might look like a barrel/cylinder gap problem might really be end shake.
First step is to measure for end shake.
To do this push the cylinder to the rear and hold it there while you use an automotive feeler gage set to measure the gap between the barrel and the cylinder.
Then push the cylinder forward and hold it while you gage the gap again.
Subtract one measurement from the other and that's how much end shake the gun has.
S&W specs are that an end shake of "about" 0.006" or more needs repair.
Note that the measurement with the cylinder to the rear is the actual barrel/cylinder gap.
S&W has radically loosened the factory specifications on barrel/cylinder gap.
Years ago a gap of around 0.005" was about perfect, and a gap of over 0.008" was out of spec.
S&W has loosened this to anything under as much as 0.012" being "in factory spec".
S&W has determined that the larger gap has little real effect on velocity, accuracy, or on spitting bullet metal on a gun that's in correct factory barrel/chamber alignment.
In other words, send a S&W back to the factory with a gap under 0.012" and S&W will return it as in spec."
And from another excellent post by dfariswheel on another forum:
"First, here's how to measure it:
Gently push the cylinder to the REAR and HOLD it there.
(Don't use a lot of force, just hold it to the rear).
Use an automotive feeler gage to gage the barrel/cylinder gap.
(This is also the ACTUAL barrel/cylinder gap).
Then push the cylinder FORWARD and hold it there while you again gage the barrel/cylinder gap.
Subtract one measurement from another, and that's how much end shake you have.
These specs are valid for S&W ONLY, NOT Colt, Ruger, or anyone else:
Maximum end shake: "About" 0.006" or more. (S&W has gotten rather vague on this in the past few years).
Barrel/Cylinder gap: Maximum of "about" 0.010". (Again, S&W seems to have loosened specs).
"Perfect" barrel/cylinder gap: 0.005".
So, if you gage your S&W end shake at over 0.006" it needs repairs.
DO NOT confuse the measurement with the cylinder forward as true barrel/cylinder gap. That's a false reading and may indicate too LITTLE gap.
True barrel/cylinder gap is with the cylinder to the rear."