All of the cleaning arguments aside, shooting a gun once, 50 times, or 500, does NOT cause a gun to rust. Iron and steel rust due to moisture, not gunpwder.
The non-technical side is that rust, also called ferrous oxide or iron oxide, occurs when iron or an iron alloy (think steel) is exposed to moisture for a long time, even if it's air dried or put into a safe or a drawer, whatever. The oxygen in the water combines with the iron in the metal as a chemical reaction - it's atoms and atoms that are happy to be together - and the result is iron oxide.
For those of you more technically interested, the process of rusting is actually called oxidation. Fe (iron) and O2 (oxygen) are oppositely charged so they can actively seek each other out and combine chemically. When they combine, the iron loses electrons to oxygen atoms. The product is ferrous oxide. Maybe it's ferric oxide; I am uncertain of the precise name or if it matters. The chemical formula is Fe2O3.
Commonly called rust.
All the cleaning in the world will not prevent rust if you allow moisture to be left on the iron parts of a gun. Wiping a gun down with an oil rag or a silicone impregnated rag before being put away will avoid rusting, regardless of whether you clean the gun or not.
Just as an aside, gun cleaning fanatics are never wrong. You should do it, you're careless and disrespectful if you put your guns away dirty after a hunting season or a range session. On the other hand, if you're not shooting blackpowder or corrosive ammunition, putting your guns away dirty is no big deal. An old cowboy once told me to clean my guns in February and if I forget there is always next February.
The non-technical side is that rust, also called ferrous oxide or iron oxide, occurs when iron or an iron alloy (think steel) is exposed to moisture for a long time, even if it's air dried or put into a safe or a drawer, whatever. The oxygen in the water combines with the iron in the metal as a chemical reaction - it's atoms and atoms that are happy to be together - and the result is iron oxide.
For those of you more technically interested, the process of rusting is actually called oxidation. Fe (iron) and O2 (oxygen) are oppositely charged so they can actively seek each other out and combine chemically. When they combine, the iron loses electrons to oxygen atoms. The product is ferrous oxide. Maybe it's ferric oxide; I am uncertain of the precise name or if it matters. The chemical formula is Fe2O3.
Commonly called rust.
All the cleaning in the world will not prevent rust if you allow moisture to be left on the iron parts of a gun. Wiping a gun down with an oil rag or a silicone impregnated rag before being put away will avoid rusting, regardless of whether you clean the gun or not.
Just as an aside, gun cleaning fanatics are never wrong. You should do it, you're careless and disrespectful if you put your guns away dirty after a hunting season or a range session. On the other hand, if you're not shooting blackpowder or corrosive ammunition, putting your guns away dirty is no big deal. An old cowboy once told me to clean my guns in February and if I forget there is always next February.

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