(Apologies in advance for a long post--move on now if you haven't time or inclination. But if interested, read on, and thanks...)
If you remember the 1997 North Hollywood Bank of America shootout--where two heavily armed serial bandits hit the BofA with their usual MO: heavy take-over style robbery, firing rounds from a full auto rifle into the ceiling, herding the employees and customers into the safe, then gathering up their loot, all while wearing body armor, including some homemade armor worn by one of the subjects on his extremities--you can see not only another extreme example of a real life incident that would present huge dangers to anyone inside the bank, whether armed or not...but one which gives a worthwhile lesson about the value of after action review.
LAPD converged on the scene rapidly in great numbers, while the subjects were still in the bank, because patrol coppers in a passing black and white saw the bandits walking into the bank, dressed in black, ski masked, geared up---and carrying rifles.
Probable cause? Check.
Anyway, I remember an LA Times article which ran the next day with a photo of a motor officer who was situated behind the cover of an automobile. He had a six inch Smith and Wesson, .38 Special, blue steel, perhaps a Model 14, and he had it aimed in the direction of the bank robbers.
When those bandits realized the police were outside, they began a prolonged 45 minute or so gun battle with the cops, captured live on TV, as media helicopters circled overhead. Their rifles were capable of full auto fire and they fired the weapons in that mode, eventually moving out of the bank and to their car. One drove slowly down the street, while the other walked alongside, laying down fire. At the time, 911 calls led police to think there might be a third suspect, and that led to a long day of searches throughout the area, but it was just those two. They'd taken tranquilizers to calm themselves and psyched themselves up by watching the 1995 movie, "Heat", with its vivid scene depicting a shootout between LAPD and the robbery crew in that film. So, if what I describe reminds you of the film, it's no coincidence.
Like the movie's robbery crew, these two were repeat offenders. The February North Hollywood BofA robbery was the last in a long string of violent take-over BofA robberies in L.A. that had led to law enforcement nicknaming the pair the "High Incident Bandits". "High Incident" was the term local 911 dispatchers used to characterize the severity of certain incidents for responding officers.
Unlike the movie (and miraculously), though many police and citizens were wounded, none were killed. Police commandeered an armored car to rescue people. Patrol officers, in a black and white, drove into the line of fire to also rescue people. Much of this was watched by people in Los Angeles and across the country on TV, live. Several officers were later awarded Medals of Valor for their actions that day.
Anyway, the motor officer, if my memory serves me correctly, later told the press, he'd realized, "I'm in the wrong place with the wrong gun."
How did that one end? Well, the subject on foot had a rifle malfunction, threw away his rifle and drew his pistol, and was shot by police almost exactly as he committed suicide, a moment captured by news helicopters. The second subject, in a vehicle with a small arsenal of long guns, abandoned that car and carjacked a pickup truck. Arriving SWAT officers rolled up on that pickup, thinking they were about to rescue a victim--and came under heavy fire. The officers prevailed.
One officer skipped rounds from his long gun under the vehicle, striking the subject in the lower legs and disabling him. He was eventually taken in to custody and begged officers to kill him. He soon bled to death.
After that incident, LAPD reviewed their response. After action reports were made. One outcome was the introduction of the 'UPR"--the Urban Police Rifle--initially, a program to allow specially trained Sergeants to use Department approved or provided patrol carbines, of the AR type. Eventually, that program expanded to include any officer who underwent the training. This was a seminal incident leading many agencies to consider the patrol rifle, which today is as common as the buckshot loaded shotguns of LAPD's officers that day (LAPD did not generally use slugs, unless an officer had been to "slug school" and had been "certified" by that training to be competent to deploy slugs in a Department approved or issued shotgun).
A few years ago, I had the privilege of observing one of the rifle classes that LAPD developed for that purpose. First rate training. Another eventual development: medical/trauma gear for officers to be able to self treat injuries to stabilize themselves if wounded. Tourniquets, after long experience in Afghanistan and Iraq, which showed their value and proved that concerns of eventual amputation were unwarranted, are now central to the law enforcement responders' tactical and medical gear.
Anyway, another (and immediate) outcome of North Hollywood was the approval of .45 caliber handguns for those officers who completed the requisite training. At the time of the North Hollywood shootout, in the Los Angeles Police Department, .45 caliber pistols were limited to SWAT and an elite unit of detectives, the Special Investigation Section (SIS), whose mission was (and is) surveillance of armed and dangerous suspects involved in robbery, kidnapping, etc.
Caliber debates aside, shortly after North Hollywood, many officers took advantage of the policy change and purchased their own .45s, first the S&W Third Gen 4506, later the Glock 21, and later approved makes/models of the 1911 type, if they met the training requirements according to those later policy changes, which allowed for 1911s to be used by non-SWAT officers.
So, why did I go into all this? Because any major incident can and should lead a police agency to re-evaluate training and tactics and make changes based on that evaluation. Note that LAPD didn't review and say, "Hey, the way we do business is just fine, we don't need to make any changes to training, equipment, etc. All good here."
For the private individual, incidents such as the one the OP posted (and thank you for that, OP) offer real world events to consider. One way of thinking about this is to ask the question "What if?" Or, perhaps, better still, as some trainers suggest, to phrase the thought process not as a question, but a PLAN: "When____, then____".
I notice that some, including folks who cite their experience, have responded by affirming their confidence in their current set-up, skill set, etc. Others express why they wouldn't be in that situation in the first place...avoidance of at risk businesses, etc. Some complain the inquiry is not worthy of their time and thought. Ok, that's your business. Point taken. Carry on.
But, if you read the news account the OP posted and found it chilling to read, and it made you question your current approach, your competency, your planning, your thinking, your tactics, your situational awareness, your equipment...that's a good thing. It's worthwhile to, as the British say, "have a think" about an incident like this. And, it's worthwhile, in a thread like this, or other setting, to a have a conversation about it.
We can each imagine various situations, but they are just that-- "imagined"---they spring from our own minds. And, there IS value in that. Imagination IS useful, because it helps us think of possibilities that might not readily occur to us. After the September 11th terror attacks, the 9/11review committee cited the government's "failure of imagination" in its pre-attack level of preparedness. We see this again and again, after various disasters, where the pre-incident thinking by one government entity or another has been too narrow, and left agencies unprepared and caught flat footed when the unimagined crisis struck.
It is also useful to consider actual incidents, like the one the OP posted, because it gives us a unique opportunity to consider a specific and tragic event that HAPPENED. Again, I think it's a good topic for a thread like this, in a forum like this. There is, especially, an opportunity to think not just of ourselves and our gear--but the adversary.
Here, a stone killer. Consider him and what he does. He enters a business where the likelihood of armed resistance is high, opens fire to dominate the room, mortally wounds the clerk without hesitation, and then, on discovering a store patron hiding, executes that person without hesitation, without mercy, for whatever reason. And he does all this for what? To steal a few guns to sell for a little cash? And risks death, long imprisonment, etc.? His behavior, his willingness, his disregard for consequences, his petty motivation, tells you quite a lot about this particular human being and the danger such a person would present to us, whether we run, hide or fight.
This incident gives us an opportunity to not merely consider a SCENARIO--a pattern of facts-- but a pattern of behavior, by the type of individual we may face (whether armed or not) one day. Here, a person who was willing and perhaps wanting to kill, who was cold, ruthless and vicious. He's not some movie villain but a real life person who somehow reached that point from his birth however many years ago, to that horrible day. This is a person who acted without any of the normal restraints or concerns of people who aren't sociopathic.
So, for me, it's an opportunity to ask myself, honestly: How well prepared and equipped am I--mentally and physically--to deal with someone like that, in an incident like that? And, after reflection, to consider what changes could or should be made, whether to the software or the hardware. And, after all that, to actually make the indicated changes, which may involve overcoming some internal resistance to the prospect of change, for whatever reason.
Agencies think in terms of polices and practices. The after action review may lead to changes in both. Individuals can develop their own personal polices and practices, consistent with the law, of course, and sometimes do so after reviewing something awful that's happened, whether to themselves or to someone else.
In this particular case, neither victim thought their otherwise ordinary day would end the way it did.
Something to think about, as I go about my ordinary day, in my ordinary town.