"Before WWI the Army had Frankfort Arsenal load cases with the Schofield length and the Colt rim diameter, a 230 grain bullet at 810 fps and called it 45 US, many cases sold as Schofield are in truth 45 US."
That is not exactly what happened. This is what did. For the Army pistol trials of 1906-07, the Army came up with a special revolver cartridge having a rimmed .45 case having a 0.533" diameter rim and a length of 0.92" using a 230 grain cupro-nickel jacketed bullet and 7.2 grains of Bullseye smokeless powder giving a MV of 800 ft/sec. It was officially called the Model of 1906, not the .45 US, and there are several slight variations of it known. Only 10,000 rounds were loaded at Frankford Arsenal in 1906, and the only known headstamp is F A 4 06. There was (probably) an unknown but small number of such cartridges made by UMC, without headstamps, also for use in those trials. The Model of 1906 cartridge is commonly called the .45 Special by ammunition collectors, but that's not what the Army called it. It was never manufactured for commercial sale, but there are a few S&W N-frame revolvers shipped in that period with boxes labeled showing the caliber to be ".45 Special," thought to mean the Model of 1906 cartridge. It is slightly shorter than the much more common military standard .45 Schofield/.45 S&W cartridge, as used by the Army in both Schofield and Colt SAA revolvers, which has a case length of 1.11". You can think of the Model of 1906 .45 cartridge as being essentially a slightly elongated .45 ACP cartridge with the rim of a .45 Colt. BTW, the "winner" of the 1906-07 Army trials was the Colt New Service, not the S&W Triple Lock. That led to the later adoption by the Army of the Colt Model 1909 revolver and the Model of 1909 .45 cartridge, which is basically a .45 Colt with a larger diameter rim.
