L-60 Limitation Order - The Frozen Guns Order

RM Vivas

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As part of a lead up to discussing WW2 arms limits on civilian sales, I had to find a copy of the L-60 Limitation Order.

This was actually a bit harder than one might think.

I finally stumbled across a copy and thought I'd drop it here as well for anyone else who might be working on a writing project lead in to WW2 arms sales.

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Part 1121 – PISTOLS, RIFLES AND SHOTGUNS
(Limitation Order L-60 as of September 30, 1942)
Whereas national defense requirements have created a shortage of pistols, rifles and shotguns for use in police work, plant patrol and other local guard duties, and it is necessary in the public interest and to promote the defense of the United States to conserve the supply and direct the distribution thereof;
Now, therefore, it is hereby ordered.
That:
§1121.1 General Limitation Order L-60 - (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this order:
(1) Defense pistol” means:
(i) Any .22 caliber Harrington and Richardson “Sportsman” model target, revolver, and
(ii) Any pistol manufactured by Colt’s Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company, the Smith and Wesson Arms Company, or the High Standard Manufacturing Company.
(3) “Defense rifle” means:
(i) Any rifle chambered for Government .30/06 caliber cartridges.
(ii) The following rifles of .22 caliber:
(a) Mossberg Model 43-B,
(b) Mossberg Repeating Model 42MB,
(c) Remington Model 613 Target,
(d) Remington Model 611,
(e) Winchester Model 76 Target,
(f) Winchester Model G-604UR,
(g) Stevens Model 416-3,
(h) Savage Model 33. and
(i) Ranger-Sears Roebuck Target.
(3) “Defense shotgun” means:
(i) Any 12 gauge shotgun,
(ii) Any 16 gauge automatic shotgun, and
(iii) Any 16 gauge pump action repeater shotgun.
(4) “Manufacturer" means any person engaged in the manufacture of pistols, rifles, and/or shotguns.
(b) Prohibition of sales. On and after May 26, 1942, no person other than a manufacturer shall sell, lease, trade, lend, deliver, ship, transfer or otherwise dispose of any new defense rifle, the net cost of which to him was $72.50, or less; any new defense shotgun, the net cost of which to him was $45.00, or less; or any new defense pistol except:
(i) Pursuant to a specific order of the the Director General for Operations,
(ii) For government’s use only to any agency, department, office, or officer of the Federal Government or of any state or local government; or pursuant to orders placed by the government of the United Kingdom, Canada, and other Dominions; Crown Colonies and Protectorates of the British Empire, Belgium, China, Greece, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia and Yugoslavia; or for the account of any
foreign country pursuant to the Act of March 11, 1941, “An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States" (Lend-Lease Act);
(iii) That where, as of May 36, 1942, a person has received a purchase order for or has contracted for the sale or delivery of any defense pistol, defense rifle and/or defense shotgun, to which purchase order or contract a preference rating of A-l-J, or better, has been applied, then that person may sell or deliver the said defense pistol, defense rifle, and/or defense shotgun in accordance with the terms of such purchase order or contract, and
(iv) That the limitations of this paragraph do not apply to any sales or deliveries to or by the Defense Supplies Corporation.
(No paragraph (c) appeared in original order.]
(d) Applicability of Priorities Regulation No. 1. This order and all transactions affected thereby are subject to the provisions of Priorities Regulation No. 1, as amended from time to time, except to the extent that any provisions hereof may be inconsistent therewith, in which case the provisions of this order shall govern.
(e) Records. All persons affected by this order shall keep and preserve for not less than 2 years accurate and complete records concerning inventories, purchases, production and sales.
(f) Reports. All persons affected by this order shall execute and file with the War Production Board such reports and questionnaires as said Board shall from time to time require. All dealers, jobbers, wholesalers, and distributors having in their possession pistols, rifles, and/or shotguns shall file a complete inventory, stating make and model, of such items with the War Production Board within forty-five days after February 27, 1942.
(g) Audit and inspection. All records required to be kept by this order shall, upon request, be submitted to audit and inspection by duly authorized representative of the War Production Board.
(h) Violations or false statements. Any person who violates this order or who willfully falsifies any records which he is required to keep by the terms of this order, or otherwise willfully furnishes false information to the War Production Board may be deprived of priorities assistance or may be prohibited by the War Production Board from obtaining any further deliveries of materials subject to allocation. The War Production Board may also take any other action deemed appropriate, including the making of a recommendation for prosecution under section 35 (A) of the Criminal Code (18 U.S.C. 80).
(i) Appeal. Any person affected by this order who considers that compliance therewith would work an exceptional and unreasonable hardship upon him, or that it would result in a serious problem of unemployment in the community, or that compliance with this order would disrupt or impair a program of conversion from nondefense work, may apply for relief by addressing a letter to the War Production Board setting forth the pertinent facts and the reasons such person considers that he is entitled to relief. The War Production Board may thereupon take such action, if any, as it deems appropriate by the amendment of this
order or otherwise.
(j) Communications. All communications concerning this order shall be addressed to War Production Board, Washington, D. C., Ref.: L-60.
 
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Robert,
Thanks for posting this. Here are a couple of orders that proceeded L60:
Issued on Feb 27, 1942
GUN INVENTORY UNDER WAY
Dealers and wholesalers who have shotguns, pistols, and rifles in stock have been ordered to report to the Government on their inventories of such fire-arms, many of which will be bought by the Government through the Defense Supplies Corporation. Forms PD-382 and PD-383 have been sent to them for this purpose.

Sales of firearms have been restricted by the WPB in Limitation Order L-60, issued on February 27, except for sales for State, local, and Federal Government use, to Allied Governments, or for Lend-Lease purposes. Information on other permitted exceptions should be secured from the Governmental Requirements Bureau, which is administering the order.

Official of the Bureau said that as soon as the report forms are tabulated, steps will be taken to unfreeze the stocks which the Government does not need. Meanwhile, users such as war plants may ask the Governmental Requirements Bureau for permission to buy arms.

Issued on May 26, 1942
Some guns released for sale to public.
Small-gage shotguns, odd-caliber and certain .22-caliber rifles, and other types of firearms not needed by the armed forces or for other essential purposes were released by WPB May 26 for general sale to the public.

Several types reserved
An amendment to the limitation order on new firearms (L-60) unfreezes such guns, which dealers and wholesalers have been forbidden to sell since February 27, except for the following types :

Pistols. Any .22-caliber Harrington and Richardson "Sportsman" Model Target revolver, or any manufactured by Colt's, Smith and Wesson, or the High Standard Manufacturing Company.

Rifles. Any rifle chambered for Government .30 '06-caliber cartridge or any of the following rifles of .22-caliber: Mossberg Model 42-B and Repeating Model 42 MB; Remington Models 513 Target and 511; Winchester Models 75 Target and G-6941-R; Stevens Model 416-2; Savage Model 33, and Ranger Sears-Roebuck Target.

Shotguns. Any 12-gage; any 16-gage automatic; and any 16-gage pump action repeater.

The above types of firearms may be sold by jobbers, dealers, and wholesalers:

1. On a specific order of the Director of Industry Operations,
2. For Federal, State, or local government use,
3. For Lend-Lease purposes,
4. On an order on hand as of May 26, to which a preference rating of A-l-j or higher has been applied, or
5. To the Defense Supplies Corporation.
 
Strange the H&R revolver being listed first by model name.
And a few models listed Winchester 76? Must be a typo and mean 75. G604 UR? Neither of these model designations have I heard of

Anyone know why the H&R sportsman was specifically listed? Was it utilized in some specific role ( as a trainer?) that made it in demand for the government at the time?
 
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The DSC bought most of the Sportsman revolvers as domestic guard guns. They went to places like Federal labs, Remington, Hercules Powder Co., etc. Pate has a chapter on H&R in his excellent book on WWII handguns.
 
Strange the H&R revolver being listed first by model name.
And a few models listed Winchester 76? Must be a typo and mean 75. G604 UR? Neither of these model designations have I heard of

Anyone know why the H&R sportsman was specifically listed? Was it utilized in some specific role ( as a trainer?) that made it in demand for the government at the time?

That may be a transcription error on my part.Winchester 75.

Also, Winchester G-6941-R.
 

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The DSC bought most of the Sportsman revolvers as domestic guard guns. They went to places like Federal labs, Remington, Hercules Powder Co., etc. Pate has a chapter on H&R in his excellent book on WWII handguns.

A rocking book, to be sure! Anyone who doesn't have a copy needs to get one!

I'm looking at some pretty interesting info right now on DSC 2 inch guns. Hopefully I'll have an article about them in a few months.
 
The H&R Sportsman revolvers were used extensively by trappers. The government used furs in many types of issue clothing. The first revolver I ever shot was owned by an old fellow that trapped up till the early 60's. He told me he bought his Sportsman during the war. He told me he could only get a box of longs or shorts every month or two. He also said furs went pretty high and some marshes were all but cleaned out of muskrats. He made me my first 18 silhouette goose decoys with fold down wings in 1961. He was an old market gunner for waterfowl. Had a big ole punt gun
 
The H&R Sportsman revolvers were used extensively by trappers. The government used furs in many types of issue clothing. The first revolver I ever shot was owned by an old fellow that trapped up till the early 60's. He told me he bought his Sportsman during the war. He told me he could only get a box of longs or shorts every month or two. He also said furs went pretty high and some marshes were all but cleaned out of muskrats. He made me my first 18 silhouette goose decoys with fold down wings in 1961. He was an old market gunner for waterfowl. Had a big ole punt gun

What part of the Chesapeake did he hunt?

My granddaddy bought a Stevens .22-.410 over/under at the beginning of WW II to keep the bunnies out of his garden. It sits in my safe now.
 
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Many punt guns were used on the Eastern Shore of the Chesapeake as well as the rivers off the bay. Remember as a kid in the 50s going “ antiqueing” with my parents. Rode a ferry across the Chesapeake bay, ferry had pretty good food too. Those were the days.
 
My grandfather was a founding member of "Ducks Unlimited" which was formed in the 1930's. Many of the laws we use today were written then to ban things like Punt Guns.

My grandfather spoke of one such "Punt Gun" that he saw in action. It was basically a 4" cannon mounted in a rowboat. When you saw a flock of ducks fly over the punt gun would be fired. It had several pounds of powder and shot in it, the entire flock would be killed by a single shot.
 
Without any research, I had thought that all new firearms sales to civilians in the general public during WWII had been prohibited, but apparently that was not the case. However, I suspect that there were very few new guns of any type being made for ordinary civilian sale anyway as all gun manufacturers were using all of their capacity for military production. I don't believe there were any wartime government restrictions on retail sales of ammunition to ordinary civilians, but it is likely that ammunition manufacturers were making no more than modest quantities for civilians, likely not much more than .22s and some types and sizes of shot shells. Sales of new automobiles was a different matter. They were essentially impossible for civilians to buy. Some new cars and trucks in dealer inventory before automobile production was terminated through government ban were allowed to be sold for essential users under a severe rationing system. I remember that doctors might have been able to buy cars. Back then, many doctors made house calls and that was considered essential.
 
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Without any research, I had thought that all new firearms sales to civilians in the general public during WWII had been prohibited, but apparently that was not the case. However, I suspect that there were very few new guns of any type being made for ordinary civilian sale anyway as all gun manufacturers were using all of their capacity for military production. I don't believe there were any wartime government restrictions on retail sales of ammunition to ordinary civilians, but it is likely that ammunition manufacturers were making no more than modest quantities for civilians, likely not much more than .22s and some types and sizes of shot shells. Sales of new automobiles was a different matter. They were essentially impossible for civilians to buy. Some new cars and trucks in dealer inventory before automobile production was terminated through government ban were allowed to be sold for essential users under a severe rationing system. I remember that doctors might have been able to buy cars. Back then, many doctors made house calls and that was considered essential.

In researching DSC gun sales, I came across a number of sales during WW2 of guns by S&W that 'ought not' to have been being sold.

It seems that while ALL production of ----NEW---- S&W revolvers was going to the military, S&W was allowed to repair guns for the civilian trade as long as they had the parts on hand.

They must have had quite the number of parts, as I noted a surprising number of arms being built from 'scrap' and sent to people who seemed to be either well connected or of elevated rank, either in the military or shooting community.

I saw a few .38/44's being made up from parts for various people and quite a few M&P/Victory revolvers made up and going out the Repair Department door.

While perusing the Repair Orders and Correspondence, there were very many letters from servicemembers overseas looking for parts for private purchase revolvers (and the occasional .35 auto). Two things worth noting is that the most frequently referenced gun that parts were requested for were New Departure revolvers and a few people wrote in asking for bulk Victory parts because they were not immediately available through the writers supply chain.

Best,
RM Vivas
 
It wasn’t just civilians who had trouble getting ammo during WWII.

Robert C. Sutton, Jr., Lt. Col. USAF Ret., grand nephew of feudist William E. Sutton, wrote in his book The Sutton-Taylor Feud, published in 1974, stated the following on Page 53 of his book:

“Just before I went back to the Pacific on my second tour, I was rather frantically trying to locate some .45 Long Colt shells as I was taking my dad’s old “thumb’buster” back with me as a personal weapon. Ralph Calhoun called me and said that Dr. P. B. Hill, the Chaplain of the Texas Rangers, had given him a box to give me. While I was at his house to pick up my ammo, Ralph showed me Billy Sutton’s handgun. It was a Smith and Wesson “American”, an old tip-down which was the most accurate handgun in the world in its time. The “American” was Smith and Wesson’s model 3 and it was not issued until 1869.”

Ralph Calhoun was the grandson of William E. Sutton, and a cousin to Robert C. Sutton, Jr.
 
Here is an example of a .38 M&P target revolver, with a 2" barrel and also an extra 4" barrel, made up for Ed McGivern and shipped in early 1945. The gun is a zero serial-number gun, which would have been made up in the Service Department, which is the kind of activity that RM Vivas is referring to.

The first picture shows the gun with it's 2" barrel, and the spare 4" barrel, both in their case.

mikepriwer-albums-bianchi-1967-1968-catalog-offerings-picture27462-20121106-132842-a.jpg


The next picture is a close-up of a portion of the left side of the frame. It shows the typical mark that Ed McGivern put on many of his guns.

mikepriwer-albums-bianchi-1967-1968-catalog-offerings-picture27463-0433b.jpg


Regards, Mike Priwer
 
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I wonder how much the private market adapted to this order.

On one hand an extra gun just became more valuable to sell if the potential buyer could find ammo.

On the other hand your at war and want to be well armed at home.You also want to be able to feed your family aptly.

Lastly I would be curious if many people donated guns for the cause.
 
I wonder how much the private market adapted to this order.

On one hand an extra gun just became more valuable to sell if the potential buyer could find ammo.

On the other hand your at war and want to be well armed at home.You also want to be able to feed your family aptly.

Lastly I would be curious if many people donated guns for the cause.

It is famously well known that Americans donated guns to defend Britain as evidenced by an ad in American Rifleman asking for the donation of arms to help Britons in case of invasion.

Less well known is that the government sent representatives to various police departments in search of confiscated/evidentiary firearms that would be suitable for the ar effort.

Charlie Pate touches on this in his marvelous book on the secondary handguns of WW2.

Supposedly there is a photograph that shows barrels of handguns, presumably confiscated arms, being loaded into the hold of a ship in NY destined for Britain. I've searched for such images but haven't found any but don't doubt their existence.

Send A Gun To Defend A British Home | An Official Journal Of The NRA
 
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