The .380 ACP is considered to be a marginal caliber, but with good bullet selection it will get the job done.
I do my own ballistic testing, mostly to see how my ammo performs in my handguns. In my experience, .380 ACP generally doesn’t meet the minimum FBI criteria with anything other than the 90 gr XTP driven at close to 1000 FPS.
I developed a max load (Hornady 11th edition) of Titegroup under a 90 gr XTP and fired it in my Kimber Micro .380 ACP.
I got velocities between 990 and 1000 FPS and penetration right around 12”-13” with decent expansion (by XTP standards, they were never intended to make the large star shaped expansion you get with more modern hollow points).
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In comparison this is what I get with a 115 gr XTP and a max load of HS-6 in my Kimber Micro 9.
Here the velocities were between 1040 FPS and 1065 fps, well below the 1150 or so I get with that same load in the longer barrel 9mm pistols I normally carry.
The results were 15-16” of penetration, slightly more than I get with the same load in a 4” pistol where penetration is 14-16” with earlier expansion at the higher velocity decreasing penetration slightly.
.380 on the left and 9mm on the right:
The good, although still barely meeting the FBI minimum, result with the .380 here is because the 90 gr .380 load using Titegroup was tailored specifically for the short 2.75” barrel Kimber Micro .380.
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The points here are:
1) there are a lot of variables involved when selecting a pistol and a load and the two need to be compatible; and
2) in similar compact pistols, a good .380 load can give acceptable performance although probably not on par with a similar 9mm load in a similar pistol.
Although I still don’t have any qualms about carrying a Kimber Micro with this load.