I'll admit that I generally clean and inspect my firearms after each time they are shot. I don't get to shoot much due to life, and most of the time I am shooting for a LEOSA qual. This is not objectively necessary.
Con: I think it was Rob Leatham who opined that a gun that will not function dirty as long as it is lubed has some other problem. I've seen the video of him saying that, and it must have been well over a decade ago. The late Pat Rogers was mostly of the same opinion. His rifles got cleaned once a year or so; a quality AR will run for many thousands of rounds as long as it is well lubed with quality products (he advocated the Slip products all the time I knew him, but he had used other lubes if he did not have Slip.) He also pointed out that the military cleaning regimen was for other purposes, and often damaged rifles. He had enough ARs to equip a company as a business decision (easier to train folks if he stayed off base and avoided overused/under maintained military gear.) "Filthy 14" went about 50K rounds without cleaning; if your AR won't go at least 5000 rounds with quality ammo and mags, there is something really wrong with it.
I have done a few testing sessions with various pistols. My issued G21 did 700-odd rounds of duty ammo when I first got it. My Wilson KZ had some mag flaws and when I got it back after helping them work out the bugs, I ran a lot (also >700 rounds of different ammo) without cleaning. Both worked fine all the way through without cleaning until the testing was over. Likewise my PC Shield; I wrote it up when I bought it and ran 700-800 rounds of ball and carry ammo with no significant issues (don't recall any malfunctions in that period).
Miilitary training does result in a knee-jerk cleaning fetish; I saw that a couple of times at Pat classes. In spite of very clear directions to lube and not clean, some folks just could not overcome the old training. Pat had a broad background, he retired as a Marine CWO 2 and NYPD Sgt., worked at Gunsite and did some other .gov training. As a private trainer, he saw hundred of thoughts of rounds down range. He documented some bad malfs in his early training days, and the portion of the classes dedicated to quality and issues got shorter over the years because more students were internalizing the lessons and the incidence of sub-standard rifles, mags, and ammo really changed the level of problems experienced.