Perhaps more important than over turning the NYS permit laws, was overturning "the balancing act" previously used to decide 2A cases. The 2A was treated by many courts as a second class right. No other right enumerated in the Bill of Rights was subject to this lesser standard of review.
The 2A now has the same status as the other Amendments.
This will reach far down in terms of things like magazine limits or bans, firearms rosters for states that have such an animal, the definition of "sensitive places", and even laws limiting the size and type of knives people may carry.
In theory, since these laws Constitutionally impermissible, government officials can be sued in both their professional ad personal capacities.
The "they'll just come up with new law naysayers should actually read Justice Thomas' brilliant opinion. It says a lot more than New York has to become shall issue. It places limits on what a "sensitive area" may be and raises the bar for states, counties, and cities to enact anti 2A laws.
I would contend that at least theoretically, taxes, insurance mandates, and even state required training could be effected. Onerous fees could well be treated as "poll taxes" imposed to stop blacks from voter were.
IANAL of course, but I'll bet there are lawyers looking at that decision and planning their next steps in litigating various state laws.
Justice Thomas wrote a brilliant majority opinion.