OP, this is very interesting thread and there have been some really great suggestions. (except for the ones saying to polish the feed ramp which is a B.S. recommendation for your problem where the bullet is hanging up before touching the feed ramp.)
Since none of the suggestions worked for you and S&W replaced your barrel, then I strongly suspect you have a slide velocity issue that is causing the problem.
Some of my suggestions:
1. Check for smooth slide movement with the recoil spring assembly removed from the gun and with all grease and oil removed from the slide rails and slide slots.
2. Do
not use a dry lube like Froglube on the slide rails. Use a
light viscosity gun grease (not oil) on the rails and apply it sparingly.
3. Replace the recoil spring assembly, which S&W did not replace when you sent your gun in. The quality of the recoil spring assembly used in Shield pistols is pure sh*t. There has been plenty of discussion about this fact in other message threads:
http://smith-wessonforum.com/smith-wesson-m-p-pistols/352504-shield-slide-hang-up.html
4. With all of your magazines side by side, compare the shape and angle of the feed lips for consistency. Measure the gap between the feed lips. Also measure the distance from the top of the feed lip to the top of the magazine catch hole to see if it is the same on each magazine. You are looking for anomalies in the measurements.
5. Make sure the magazine follower moves freely throughout its travel in the magazine and is not getting hung up on a burr or on the sidewall of the magazine. Since your problem is occurring across more than one mag, this is not likely the source of your problem but it may benefit someone else having a feeding issue.
6. Do not use Hornady Critical Defense (with the polymer tip) in a gun that has a history of feeding problems. Use Gold Dot Short barrel ammo or Federal HST, which also have superior ballistics to Hornady.