Help with an unknown wooden cartridge please

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My father had 20-30 of these. Any ideas? The numbers on the head appear to be 1904. I can't make out the symbols other than the two stars.

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Here's two different views of the headstamp-different lighting, same cartridge. Don't look at my fingers/skin...I work for a living. :o Thanks for any help.

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What is the approximate “bullet” diameter? I think I see F A (Frankford Arsenal) so if a U.S. cartridge I would guess .30 Army, aka .30-40 Krag.
 
Here's a picture of the cartridge next to a vintage .30-40 Krag.

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I measured the case and here the measurements.

Overall case length- 2.25"
Overall cartridge length 3.245"
Base Diameter- .621
Neck diameter- .350
Bullet diameter- .335 (approximately-it's wood and I didn't squeeze)

Here's a better picture of the head stamp.

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It appears to possibly be a wood bullet 8mm Lebel cartridge, although OPs dimensions are off a bit. Possibly loaded at Frankford Arsenal, Philadelphia. I have no idea if any ammunition for the French was loaded by Frankford Arsenal prior to WWI, but the only FA headstamp code I find in international headstamp listings is Frankford Arsenal. Other than this I have no idea except is is probably European. Possibly the Ammunition Collectors Assn. can shed more light on this.

It definitely is not any American cartridge except manufacturer.
 
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Looks very much like an 8mm Kropatschek blank cartridge (Portuguese). Headstamp seems correct. Many of those blank cartridges came onto the market about 40 years ago. Many of the rifles came onto the market in the early 1970s. The rifles and carbines are highly desirable milsurp collectors items today. The bullet diameter of the service ball round was 0.321".

All of the rifles were made by Steyr in Austria. The design was essentially the same as the Mauser 71/84 with a tubular underbarrel magazine.

See: https://cartridgecollector.net/cartridge/8-x-56r-kropatschek/
 
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Looks very much like an 8mm Kropatschek blank cartridge (Portuguese). Headstamp seems correct. Many of those blank cartridges came onto the market about 40 years ago. Many of the rifles came onto the market in the early 1970s. The rifles and carbines are highly desirable milsurp collectors items today. The bullet diameter of the service ball round was 0.321".
Ask of the rifles were made but Steyr in Austria. The design was essentially the same as the Mauser 71/84 with a tubular underbarrel magazine.

It appears this is correct! There are two things that are curious though. First the FA headstamp does not appear in on-line reference sources except Frankford Arsenal. OP showed the base diameter as .621". This is the RIM diameter that is considerably larger than the base diameter as on all rimmed cartridges. This emphasizes the problem with accepting the posters dimensions/descriptions too much as they are too often in error, whether ammunition, firearms, or other item types!
 
I can hear powder inside when I shake it. I was looking at the cartridges of the world book and the shape definitely looks like something in the 8x50 family. Several types-Lebel, Austrian, Siamese.

What's with the wooden projectile?
 
I measured everything again. less than scientific conditions.
Base diameter .542
Rim diameter .621
neck .350
case length 2.24
overall cartridge 3.24
it's hard to measure a 100 year old wooden projectile without risking damage to it, but it is somewhere in the .330-.335 range.

I'm using an RCBS caliper.
 
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As it is a blank round with a light wooden bullet, it probably used a fast powder, maybe something similar to Bullseye. It could be black powder. As the ball ammunition became very difficult to find, the appearance of the wooden bullet blank ammunition was welcomed by shooters. They simply pulled the wood bullet and reloaded the cases with 8mm Mauser bullets and a suitable propellant. The cases used Berdan primers of an odd size. I have reloaded fired Kropatschek cases with shotgun primers. Just chuck the case in a lathe and drill a suitably sized hole through the base. I remember that I had to grind a larger drill bit to the correct diameter for a shotshell primer. I still have that modified bit somewhere. I loaded with Pyrodex, using regular 8mm Mauser bullets. I always loaded them singly, I never put a round in the tubular magazine.
Cases can be formed from .348 Win brass, but you would need to buy some very expensive forming dies to do it. I just improvised a neck sizing die.

Hard to say what the Portuguese used blank ammunition for. Maybe training or firing salutes at military funerals. Wooden bullet military ammunition was in common military use by most countries at one time. The Swedes had a device that screwed onto a rifle muzzle to break up the wooden bullet.
 
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I guess I'm ignorant so I need to ask again.
The cartridges appear to have powder in them. I can hear it when I shake them. Wouldn't that make the wood projectile launch? I've never seen a blank with any type of projectile.
I see other 8mm Kropatschek ammo lots listed as blanks with the wood projectile also. I'm trying to understand how they could be blanks with a projectile. I thought a primer charge could partially launch a projectile, let alone a primer and some powder.
Thanks again, the knowledge on this forum continues to amaze.
 
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I guess I'm ignorant so I need to ask again.
The cartridges appear to have powder in them. I can hear it when I shake them. Wouldn't that make the wood projectile launch? I've never seen a blank with any type of projectile. Could it be for training purposes?
Also, how rare are these cartridges?

The wooden projectile breaks up on it's trip down the barrel so only small wooded pieces come out of the muzzle. I wouldn't want to be standing in front point blank when it is fired but there is little risk more than a few feet in front.
 
I remember something like this being used for riot control. I know rubber projectiles were used, but seems like I remember reading about wooden projectiles being used also. I guess instead of digging lead out of your liver, you’d be tweezing splinters out of your backside.
 
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